Testing Issues in Java Technology

examination Issues in java TechnologyINTRODUCTIONSoftw atomic number 18 leavening is the manner of examining softw atomic number 18, to confirm that it satisfy its necessities and to identify errors. parcel rivuleting is an experimental examination which is conducted to afford stakeholders with information about the quality of the harvest-feast or service under assay, with respect to the context in which it is intended to operate. establishing can never entirely establish the exactness of computer softwargon. As an alternative, it provides an analysis or a relationship that comp bes with the state or sort of the product against a specification. Over its survival, computer software has sustained to grow in convolution and dimension. examination in the world of chocolate technology proposes many illuminateifiable and dissimilar challenges. Todays Java engineers are not only faced with multiple chopines, but also the scalability issues the like limited memory, nonstandard input, network traffic considerations which are encountered with an increasing array of Java technology-based computational devicesfrom Java Rings, to telephones, to set-top boxes. Because of dealing with many different platforms, and many different types of devices the tests are written in the Java computer programming language. An automatic software exam is a software function which is utilise to authenticate that a particular building block of source codes is running as evaluate. Software exam can be written asUnit Tests consolidation Tests or bankers acceptance Tests.The report also go bads an overview of the role of these technologies in Java testing. (ece.cmu.edu) consolidation TestingIntegration tests is utilise to test integration of several classes as against to testing classes in isolation. Mainly in J2EE environments like Web or EJB container gives a more than important functionality, hence integration testing has to be conducted in a container. This would tes t interaction across different application tiers like nettle to selective informationbase, EJBs and also other resources. Integration test is occasionally done by Programmers but not as frequently as whole test.Acceptance TestsAcceptance Test is explained as the group of tests which guarantee the contract between the application API and end user. These tests are done for the completed and deployed application. It is employ to check each use- casing in which the application is bread and buttered. It provides less test coverage and it is main in testing integration of application tiers such as containers and web servers. These tests are done by Quality Assurance testers and not by developers as test operates on external practise Programming larboards.Unit TestsChecking of the Developed Project, Programmers save unit tests to allege their own code. Unit testing vary from integration testing, which works well together, and acceptance testing, works according to the customers requ irements. Unit testing is the testing weapon which is used to test a single unit of code. In the case of Java, a unit testing that frequently connects to a distinct class. A unit test is fully automatic, non interactive, and dual ie, it moreover succeeds or be unsuccessful. By executing the code and trusting the output is not a testing. Neither instead of pen a small test driver that neither drives the code nor allows checking logs to come up if its working correctly. Unit testing is the code which is written, as a good involvement since it leads to higher-quality code, higher productivity, and lower maintenance with good evolution costs. The future(a) report will analyze various Unit Testing technologies like JUnit, TestNG and JTiger. (devx.com)JUnitJUnit is a unit testing method which is simple and open source frame work for regression testing released by IBM under mutual license version 5.0 and to write and run repeatable tests on the Java programming language it was hoste d on the source forge.Junit is a instance of Xunit architecture which was used for unit testing exemplar , XUnit was developed by Erich Gamma and Kent Beck. Knowledge and Experience gained with JUnit is very use full in developing test driven application development, and due to this friendship of JUnit is in use in test driven development. JUnit is also ported to other programming languages like PHP, C,python, Fortran, Perl,and C++. It is used as PHPUnit in PHP, Nunit in C, PyUnit in Python , fUnit in Fortran , TestClass and TestUnitin Perl and CPPUnit in C++ . All this unit testing posers family is collectively reffered as XUnit. Now late due to the development of revolutionary customer frameworks like AJAX, Junit has also been developed for use in java script as JSUnit.Junit amends the quality of code and increases the promote of programming. (en.Wikipedia.org)Junit Features includeAPI for Easily creating Java test CasesAssertions for testing expected results verify expect ed versus actual resultTest fixtures to share test data normallyTest runners to run testsFor forums and mailing lists.Aggregating tests ( suites)Junit MechanicsDefine a subclass of TestCase.Override the setUp() tearDown()methods.Define one or more public testXXX()methodsExercise the object(s) under test.Asserts the expected results.Define a static suite() factory methodCreate a TestSuite containing all the tests.Optionally define main() to run the TestCase in batch mode.JUnit ExtensionsJUnitReport-Apache Ant adjunct task-Uses XML and XSLT to generate HTMLCactus-Simple unit testing framework for server side Java codingJWebUnit-Framework for creating acceptance testing for web based applicationsXMLUnit Provides an XMLTestCase class which enables assertions to be made about theContent and structure of XMLMockObject double agent used to test the behavior of other objects Dummy object which mimics the external behavior of a true death penalty observes how other objects interact with i ts methods and compares actual behavior with preset expectationsStrutsTestCase testing code based on the Struts framework (javapassion.com)TestNGTestNG is an annotation-driven Java unit testing framework inspired by JUnit and NUnit which aims to overcome many limitations of JUnit. TestNG isnt just really powerful, innovative, extensible, and flexible it also illustrates an interesting application of Java Annotations, a bulky new feature in JDK 5.0. TestNG is designed in such away that it covers all categories in testing like unit, functional, end-to-end, integration, etc(testng.org)TestNG Features includeAnnotations no mandatory appellation patterns for test methods or extending classesAlso Supports Java doc annotations for Java 1.4Powerful test-fixture set-up and tear-down optionsJDK 5 AnnotationsJDK 1.4 also supports JavaDoc annotations.Test configuration is flexible.Data driven testing support using Data Provider.Parameters support.Distribution of tests in slave systems is allo wed.Execution model is much Powerful no motivation of Test Suite.It is supported many plug-ins and sort of peckers like occultation, Maven, IDEA, etc.By Embedding with Bean Shell improves flexibility.JDK functions are purchasable by default for logging and runtime.Methods for testing of application server.TestNG MechanicsWrite the care logic of the test and insert TestNG annotations in the code.Adds informations about the test in testng.xml file or in a build.xml (eg. class adduce etc).Execute TestNG.JTigerJTiger is a framework for unit testing and has tools for Java 2 Platform. It gives useful abstraction for penning unit test cases and fixtures. Functionalities provided by JTiger is most desired in unit testing of softwares. Generally Test-Driven Development is encouraged by JTiger development, though it is not mandatory, and any unit testing technique in software development is sufficient. umpteen features of Java Programming Language 1.5 is heavily used by JTiger like Ge nerics, variable argument lists, annotations, etc,. JTiger also encourages users to do documentation of unit test cases and fixtures to give a robust and easy maintain regression harness and unit test. Published and documented API is provided by JTiger frame work if there is a need for extending the functionality. The ability to run the test cases written by using JUint framework is a good physical exertion of extending JTiger framework. As a part of JTiger framework JUnit plugin implementation classes are included. (en.Wikipedia.org)JTiger Features includeJTiger makes every effort to ensure a robust unit test harness by providing a rich set of tools, and a reliable, usable framework on which to develop unit test cases. JTiger is an implementation that is based on improvements in software development methodologies, such as fundamental Programming (XP), which have matured since their inception. JTiger has been implemented using the same techniques that it encourages, specifically, Test Driven Development. JTiger includes its own unit test and regression harness with 100% method coverage. This aids in new or modified requirements for JTiger that arise in the unforeseen coming(prenominal). The JTiger source code base has been designed to ensure the absolute train best possible amount of decoupling of components and encapsulation such that future enhancements will not have a negative impact on future versions on JTiger. (userdoc.com)JTiger System RequirementsJTiger requires that tests are executed using a Java Virtual elevator car version 1.5 or higher. This does not mean that the code under test must be written using Java 1.5 language features. The software under test may target any JVM version such as 1.2, 1.3 or 1.4. It is precisely the test run that must execute under a JVM version 1.5. JTiger is capable of executing test cases that have been written using the JUnit test framework.JTiger ExtensionsJTiger future development is being investigated. Some of the features and topics that are under review include the development of a swing graphical user interface interface from which to execute unit test cases, the development of IDE ( coordinated Development Environment) plugins for Eclipse, and Intellij IDEA, and the possibility of a mock objects package that mocks J2SE and J2EE core classes. (userdoc.com)Testing Of Java Language Recommended By Other CompaniesMicrosoft Java Virtual Machine SupportTo be familiar with the need is to afford a smooth evolution for present users of the Microsoft Java Virtual Machine (MSJVM), Sun Microsystems and Microsoft have concur to widen Microsofts license to use Suns Java source code along with their compatibility test cases and the test suites. (microsoft.com)Open Quality Program to Improve the Quality of Java SoftwareAgitar This Software has declared a new multi-vendor scheme committed to take very careful attention on the testing side to improve the efficiency and the quality of java software pa ckages. Based on the Open Quality Program, Agitar software has published a wide range of unit level testing metrics in its own products, It has even including a formal weekly build results on its future unannounced new products and the new trends over time. The Agitar software has also published these software testing metrics for many popular open source software Java projects, which including JUnit, Hibernate, Cruise Control, Struts, spring, and even commode of other commercial products which is based on the open source such as the Oracles BerkeleyDB Java edition and JasperSofts JasperServer. (qthreads.com)Recent Testing News on upcoming Java productsJava Graphical User Interface Testing Tool Known as Squish is Supporting the New Eclipse Ganymede version 3.4 volt weeks Two days ago(2008-07-08) Germany BasedHamburg( froglogic GmbH )has announced today , to give support for automated the testing of new Java Rich thickening Platform the RCP applications which is based on the new Ec lipse version 3.4 release code that is rebootd as Ganymede. The Squish GUI for Java is a direct functional Graphical User Interface and also regression testing tool which is enabling the execution, creation and Modification of automated Graphical User Interface tests for Java programming on AWT/ send packing and SWT/RCP applications. The Squish GUI, and all the other all tests created with this, are completely made as cross-platform software and work on almost all the top leading operating systems like the Windows Operating Systems, Linux Operating Systems, Unix Operating Systems, and Mac Operating Systems X and even also on the embedded Linux. The support for testing Eclipse Version 3.4 the latest one, RCP Software applications has been completed and it is also available with the just newly released GUI Squish version 3.4. The availability of the third party tools, like the Graphical User Interface testing tools, is very important for the open source Eclipse community to increase it crave. The resent glad news is to see froglogic has very quickly adopting the new Eclipse version releases with its Testing GUI Squish tool, said Mr. Mike Milinkovich, Who is the Executive Director of the Company Eclipse Foundation. The new Ganymede version release is said to be another very important and great release of the Company Eclipse community which has make it even more easy, attractive and flexible for the application developers who uses it. The Quickly integrated support for testing tools on Eclipse software version 3.4 applications with the new GUI Squish tool has been a new and great logical step for the company, said Mr. Harri Porten, platform chief of froglogics company. Squish software offers a multipurpose testing based framework for Graphical User Interface (GUI) applications with a base choice of the popular test scripting languages like Perl , Python, Tcl, TSL and JavaScript, VBScript extended by the new test specific functions scripts, down of new open int erfaces, many add-ons, with integrations to the test management tools, a new powerful Integrated Development Environment (IDE) aiding the selecting, creation and finally debugging of the tests and a accruement of command line testing tools and the test management integrations facilitating the fully automated test runs on the applications. Contact email emailprotected or visit the URL www.froglogic.com/ slush to get an evaluation pack or to purchase the GUI Squish for the java Application or to know more about the product. Squish GUI tool also supports automated testing of java applications based on GUI technologies like as Trolltechs Qt, Swing-AWT, and Qtopia, also supports Web technologies DOM, HTML, AJAX, DHTML Mac OS X Carbon/Cocoa , JavaScript and other technologies also. (embedded-computing.com)JAVAS ENCOURAGEMENT IN TESTINGTodays software manufacturers face a variety of challenges when creating products to meet the increasing demand for software that takes advantage of Java te chnology. The growing complexity and diversity of softwareswith their varying operating systems, processors, and memory configurationsincreases the need for thorough testing to ensure customers will be satisfied. At the same time, service providers and manufacturers face the challenge of managingand, if possible, loweringinternal costs caused by excessive engineering overhead, disorganized development of test cases, or the impact of new data services on support operations. The Java software Test Suite simplifies quality assurance and reduces time-to-market for Java implementations by providing encyclopaedic tests and a robust test manager. These enable suite users to evaluate, validate, and verify the quality of implementations on particular software. The Java Test Suite that helps the software manufacturers ensures their reputation for quality, art object building customer satisfaction and loyalty. It helps lower engineering costs by standardizing and simplifying testing, and by minimizing the need to write quality assurance tests manually. Java is free and open. So java Testing is an important part of software development because of Open Source Testing Tools which are available in Java for an Effective testing key factor which reduces the total cost of maintenance of any application over its lifetime. Because of the reduced cost and time of development this can increase nest egg on quality assurance and of course on sustaining. Without knowing when to invest in better design, in post development quality assurance, in manual tests or in automatic testing forms a basic difference between successful and unsuccessful software projects in these tough and competitive days. (newsgroups.derkeiler.com)Suns testimonial for testing JavaTesting Java in an Object-Oriented WayTo apply eXVantage (a tool suite for code coverage testing, debugging, performance profiling, etc.) to a large, complex Java application at the implementation and unit testing phases in Avaya.Tw o open source-based tools that can help to generate workloads for the enterprise application SLAMD Distributed Load multiplication Engine and Sun Java Studio Enterprise software.Container-Free Testing With MockrunnerFitnesse Testing for Fast-Paced Agile Web DevelopmentJUnit ReloadedUsing In-Process Testing Metrics to gauge Software ReliabilityECLIPSE IN JAVA SOFTWARE TESTINGEclipse is a very widely used Open Source Integrated Development Environment (IDE), particularly for Java- and Web-based applications. Its very widely extensible with the use of scores of plugins available to help in developing these applications, so here I would like to discuss some of the plugins available for software testing. Eclipse TPTP (an evolution of Eclipses prior Hyades project) is an Open Source collaborative project that seeks to provide a common platform upon which specialized, differentiated, and interoperable offerings for software test and performance tools are created. TPTP, which stands for T est and Performance Tools Platform, supplies extensible frameworks and services for test and performance tools that are used end-to-end the application lifecycle, from development through production. It also delivers extensible exemplary tools that verify the utility of, illustrate the appropriate use of, and support the development and maintenance of the platform itself. (freshmeat.net)TPTP This provides a reference implementation of the recent UML2 Testing Profile based upon the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF). For logging and tracing, TPTP employs the Common-Base-Event (CBE) Format, which defines the structure of events in a centripetal format. Data pools are a concept which appears to be innovative for testing in Eclipse. A datapool contains data usable during a test run. Data pools are stored in a comma-separated file and can be displayed as an Excel-alike data sheet. Test cases can load datapools in the setUp() method and use the dedicated iterations to resume cell values for evaluation purposes. Separating test data from the tests themselves appears to be new functionality. Test Deployment requires the allocation of test artifacts to test locations. These locations can also be work bench locations. Through the concept of service abstraction, the Automatable services framework introduces a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) concept to TPTP. The framework introduces a layered architecture in which a client at a lower layer employs a model adapter to employ a service provided at a higher layer. Automation Client Adapters allow normal Java programs to consume Eclipse services. These adapters can launch a headless Eclipse from a specified Eclipse home, and are available through the tptp-automation-client jar. Various properties are made available through this API (e.g., the project property specifying a specific project in the workspace of the Eclipse instance). (freshmeat.net)Solex Web Application Testing with EclipseSolex is a free open source Web a pplication testing tool built as a plug-in for the Eclipse IDE. It provides functions to show a client session adjust it according to various parameters and replay it later typically in articulate to ensure non regression of the applications behaviour (with idiom testing capabilities being added at a later stage). By recording, we mean that Solex acts as an HTTP proxy and records all HTTP requests and responses going through the wire between a Web client (eg. a Web browser) and a Web server. The task of replaying a scenario consists in sending the previously recorded and eventually customized HTTP requests to the server and asseverate each response. Solex 0.5.0 works with Eclipse Release 2.1.2, Build id 200311030802 and Solex 0.5.3 works with Eclipse Release 3.1.1, Build id M20050929-0840. (Solex.com)Unit testingChecking of the Developed Project, Programmers write unit tests to verify their own code. Unit testing vary from integration testing, which works well together, and acce ptance testing, works according to the customers requirements. Unit testing is the testing mechanism which is used to test a single unit of code. In the case of Java, a unit testing that frequently connects to a distinct class. A unit test is fully automatic, non interactive, and dual ie, it moreover succeeds or be unsuccessful. By executing the code and verifying the output is not a testing. Neither instead of writing a small test driver that neither drives the code nor allows checking logs to see if its working correctly. Unit testing is the code which is written, as a good liaison since it leads to higher-quality code, higher productivity, and lower maintenance with good evolution costs. (devx.com)Unit Testing in Eclipse Using JUnitUnit Testing in Eclipse 3.1 prevail towards through the JUnit mechanism which was constructed in the Workplace. Eclipse permits a quick creation of test case class and also to provide a testing suite class to write the testing codes in. By means of E clipse, we use a Test Driven Development (TDD) which suit for a very simple mechanism to systematize and implement. The class which we wanted to test is created at 1st and so that the Eclipse finds a class that is underneath test and construct the test case class. The test cases are constructed with the desired trade in and expansion for JUnit to Execute. The test case classes are constructed with the real test case and then it is coded in through the programmer. The formation of test suite in Eclipse is still simpler. By designing a test suite, Eclipse will specify a name for specifying all of the test cases in the scope of the project. The code is to Execute test suites and to add test cases in the created software is added to the test suites. (open.ncsu.edu)JUnit Naming ConventionTesting Cases and Classes Named with classnamesFirst.java, hear classname is being tested for the classnames.Testing Cases with Test Methods Name test methodnames, where methodnames are the method name t o test.Applying Test Suites Eclipse which has a default name as First.javaIt is a well known thought-out for a good performance in testing, and to split the test case code from the application code. It is also a good idea which is to separate the JUnit and FIT tests as well. (open.ncsu.edu)EMPIRICAL i.e. STATISTICS AND NON-EMPIRIC TESTINGEmpirical testingSimilar to theoretical tests, there is one more test called empirical test which is being done by computers. As per the computer point of view empirical means experiments with certain PRNG. The generator itself is treated as black box only the sequence of PRNs is generated and is taken for evaluating the test statistic. In order to find the empirical test, one has to implement the PRNG and the test statistic. The limitations of empirical testing are commonly proposed by the amount of time and memory needed due to the complexity of the computations. (random.mat.sbg.ac.at)Non-empirical testingNon-empirical testing deals with non-param etric statistical models and non-parametric inference, including non-parametric statistical tests. Nonparametric methods which are often referred as distribution free methods, since they do not rely on assumptions in which the data are drawn from a given luck distribution. Non-parametric statistic can be explained as a statistic (a function on a sample) whose interpretation does not depend on the population fitting any parameterized distributions. The example for one such statistic is order statistics which plays a vital role in many non-parametric approaches. (en.wikipedia.org)Applications and purposeFor studying populations that has been taken on a ranked order (such as movie reviews receiving one to four stars) is called Non-parametric methods. The uses of non-parametric methods may be necessary, when the data has a ranking but no clear numerical interpretation, such as when assessing the preferences. Usually non-parametric methods make fewer assumptions other than the parametric methods, depends upon their applicability. In particular, they may be applied in situations where less is known about the application in question. Non-parametric methods are more robust due to the reliance on fewer assumptions and simplicity. Non-parametric methods may be easier to use in certain cases, when the use of parametric methods is justified. As per some statisticians, non-parametric methods are not useful because of their simplicity and greater robustness leading to leave less room for improper use and misunderstanding. (en.wikipedia.org)RecommendationsExample of a JAVA Based ApplicationThe Table below represents an example security standard for a Java application and mentions the type of software testing used in each controls. These Kind of security standard in applications will define how exactly the application security functionalities will behave.TYPEQuestionsUnitIntegrationAcceptanceInputValidationWhether all the user inputs are proper in length and data type?XXX ass urance of ApplicationWhether the application properly controls the accessing privileges?XXStorageWhether authentication privileges are stored securely?XManipulationWhether application enforces its access controls?XXSpecialCharactersWhether special characters are handled securely?XXXErrorMessagesWhether error message generic?XXLegacy dataWhether data are removed?XIt is clear that the Above Types can be tested more on using functional than, integration testing techniques. Lesser security functionality is tested by Unit tests, as lot of security functionality are provided in other modules like, web server and web container.The following sections will provide more details on performing security based tests in unit test, integration test and acceptance testTesting in Unit TestsTesting of classes and methods individually provides a best approach to functionality testing of codes. A unit test has to be performed on classes and methods individually without a any dependency on the other meth ods and classes. This issue gives limitation to the types of security tests which has to be performed, Hence this is going to test is going to be executed in very early stage of the development process.Testing IndependentlyUnit tests should only depends on the single independent class and it should not depend on Composition class or any base classesTesting VulnerabilityThe number of security Types that are been verified by us